Khaled Noor, barrister and activist writes,
I am fully aware this is a long debated issue and arguments on both sides are valid, based on texts and empirical analysis. I recently had an interesting discussion with the Chairman of the Ilford Islamic Centre (the biggest purpose-built mosque in Redbridge). I also discussed this topic with activists and religious leaders.
It is widely agreed that theological and spiritual matters should not be approached solely through scientific or empirical analysis. However, the Qur’an contains numerous verses that explicitly focus upon scientific concepts, including cosmology, astronomy, biology, human embryology, and other related matters. The Sun and moon are mentioned 33 and 27 times respectively, while day and night are mentioned 12 times each, which includes the following verses: Surah Yunus(10:5), Surah Fussilat (41:37), Surah Ibrahim (14:33), Surah An-Nahl (16:12), Surah Az-Zumar (39:5), Surah Luqman (31:29), Surah Al-Anbya (21:33), Surah Al-A’raf (7:54), Surah Yasin (36:37-40). In Surah Yasin (36:39) the moon phases are specially mentioned: “And the moon – We have determined for it phases, until it returns [appearing] like the old date stalk.”
Now when it comes to our recent Eid-al Fitr, for some it was Sunday, and for others, Monday. According to the Moon Phase 2025 Lunar Calendar, the new moon phase started on 29 Mar 2025 at 10:57 PM [UK time] – which was nearly midnight. Hence, it would have been difficult to sight the new moon early that Saturday evening. So Eid the next day was not correct from that perspective.
The science in the field of astronomy is so advanced that it can accurately predict an event to take place in 50 to even 100 years in advance, such as the next full solar eclipse in the UK will be on 23 September 2090 (source: BBC News).
Therefore, it is my understanding that we can safely rely on the scientific data in reference to moon sighting without compromising with the relevant Sahih Ahadith because the UK Royal Observatory monitors the moon and its phases on a regular basis, so do other observatories around the world.
With due respect to our Islamic scholars, in recent years I am beginning to be concerned with our inclination to adhere and rely upon the Saudi authorities for moon sighting news to decide whether to start observing fast or celebrating the Eid’s in the UK.
I think there is a need for greater and inclusive discussion on this issue for the greater good and unity within the Muslim communities. Celebrating Eid on two different dates gives a wrong signal to others.
Also, it is agreed upon that fasting is prohibited on the days of Eid-al-Fitr and Eid-al Adha, as well as the three days following Eid al-Adha (known as Ayyam al-Tashriq).
1st April 2025, London